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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
reedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
icense is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
oftware--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
eneral Public License applies to most of the Free Software
oundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
sing it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
he GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
our programs, too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
rice. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
ave the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
his service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
f you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
n new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
nyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
hese restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
istribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
ratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
ou have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
ource code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
ights.
We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
istribute and/or modify the software.
Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
hat everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
oftware. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
ant its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
hat any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
uthors' reputations.
Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
atents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
rogram will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
rogram proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
atent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
odification follow.
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
nder the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
efers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
eans either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
hat is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
ither verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
anguage. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
he term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
ctivities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
overed by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
unning the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
s covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
rogram (independent of having been made by running the Program).
hether that is true depends on what the Program does.
1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
ource code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
onspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
opyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
otices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
nd give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
long with the Program.
ou may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
ou may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
f it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
istribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
bove, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
parties under the terms of this License.
c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
hese requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
dentifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
nd can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
hemselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
ections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
istribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
n the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
his License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
ntire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
hus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
our rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
xercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
ollective works based on the Program.
n addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
ith the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
he scope of this License.
3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
nder Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
ections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
customarily used for software interchange; or,
c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
received the program in object code or executable form with such
an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
he source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
aking modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
ode means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
ssociated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
ontrol compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
pecial exception, the source code distributed need not include
nything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
orm) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
perating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
tself accompanies the executable.
f distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
ccess to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
ccess to copy the source code from the same place counts as
istribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
ompelled to copy the source along with the object code.
4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
xcept as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
therwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
oid, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
owever, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
his License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
arties remain in full compliance.
5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
igned it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
istribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
rohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
odifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
rogram), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
ll its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
he Program or works based on it.
6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
rogram), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
riginal licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
hese terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
estrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
ou are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
his License.
7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
nfringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
onditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
therwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
xcuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
istribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
icense and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
ay not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
icense would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
ll those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
he only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
efrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
f any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
ny particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
pply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
ircumstances.
t is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
atents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
uch claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
ntegrity of the free software distribution system, which is
mplemented by public license practices. Many people have made
enerous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
hrough that system in reliance on consistent application of that
ystem; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
o distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
mpose that choice.
his section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
e a consequence of the rest of this License.
8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
ertain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
riginal copyright holder who places the Program under this License
ay add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
hose countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
ountries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
he limitation as if written in the body of this License.
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
f the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
e similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
ddress new problems or concerns.
ach version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
pecifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
ater version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
ither of that version or of any later version published by the Free
oftware Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
his License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
oundation.
10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
rograms whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
o ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
oftware Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
ake exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
f preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
f promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
NO WARRANTY
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
OR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
THERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
ROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
R IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
ERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
O THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
ROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
EPAIR OR CORRECTION.
12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
ILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
EDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
NCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
UT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
O LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
OU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
ROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
OSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
ossible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
ree software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
o attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
onvey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
he "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) 19yy <name of author>
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
lso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
f the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
hen it starts in an interactive mode:
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
he hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
arts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may
e called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
ouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
ou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
chool, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
ecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
his General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
roprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
onsider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
ibrary. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
ublic License instead of this License.